Category Archives: Today in history

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

John Lennon Too Soon Gone
John Lennon and Yoko Ono, 1980

Too Soon Gone

For the parents of Boomers, December 7 is the day that would live in infamy.

For Boomers, we all know where we were crying on December 8, 1980 after hearing that Mark David Chapman shot John Lennon five times and killed him.

Too Soon Gone.

Earlier that day on an ignorantly innocent morning, Rolling Stone photographer Annie Liebowitz had met John and Yoko to take a portrait. One of the most photographed couples in history posed for another historic photo.

Historic in too many ways.

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

Annie Liebowitz

Liebowitz recalled years later that Rolling Stone editor Jann Wenner “never told me what to do, but this time he did. He told me, ‘Please get me some pictures without [Yoko].’ Then I walk in, and the first thing [Lennon] says to me is ‘I want to be with her.'” An angry Liebowitz reluctantly agreed to John’s request, and the image she captured proved to be one of her most famous—one that Lennon told her on the spot had “captured [his] relationship with Yoko perfectly.

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

Crowd Gathers

From the NY Times: A crowd began to gather at West 72d Street and Central Park West immediately after John Lennon…was shot and killed last night. Some of the first people to gather were eyewitnesses to the murder. Others had been only a block away. (NYT article)

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

Jimmy Breslin

NY newspaper writer Jimmy Breslin was famous not only for his excellent writing, but for the perspective his columns took. For John Lennon, he spoke to the cops who arrived at the scene. Here is his December 9, 1980 piece that appeared in the NY Daily News. [Thank you to distant kindred spirit Jean Van White for the link]

That summer in Breezy Point, when he was 18 and out of Madison High in Brooklyn, there was the Beatles on the radio at the beach through the hot days and on the jukebox through the nights in the Sugar Bowl and Kennedys. He was young and he let his hair grow and there were girls and it was the important part of life.

Last year, Tony Palma even went to see Beatlemania.

And now, last night, a 34-year-old man, he sat in a patrol car at 82nd St. and Columbus Ave. and the call came over the radio: “Man shot, 1 West 72 St..”

Palma and his partner, Herb Frauenberger, rushed through the Manhattan streets to an address they knew as one of the most famous living places in the country, the Dakota apartments.

Another patrol car was there ahead of them, and as Palma got out he saw the officers had a man up against the building and were handcuffing him.

“Where’s the guy shot?” Palma said.

“In the back,” one of the cops said.

Palma went through the gates into the Dakota courtyard and up into the office, where a guy in a red shirt and jeans was on his face on the floor. Palma rolled the guy over. Blood was coming out of the mouth and covering the face. The chest was wet with blood.

Palma took the arms and Frauenberger took the legs. They carried the guy out to the street. Somebody told them to put the body in another patrol car.

Jim Moran’s patrol car was waiting. Moran is from the South Bronx, from Williams Ave., and he was brought up on Tony Bennett records in the jukeboxes. When he became a cop in 1964, he was put on patrol guarding the Beatles at their hotel. Girls screamed and pushed and Moran laughed. Once, it was all fun.

Now responding to the call, “Man shot, 1 West 72,” Jim Moran, a 45-year-old policeman, pulled up in front of the Dakota and Tony Palma and Herb Frauenberger put this guy with blood all over him in the backseat.

As Moran started driving away, he heard people in the street shouting, “That’s John Lennon!”

Moran was driving with Bill Gamble. As they went through the streets to Roosevelt Hospital, Moran looked in the backseat and said, “Are you John Lennon?” The guy in the back nodded and groaned.

Back on 72 St., somebody told Palma, “Take the woman.” And a shaking woman, another victim’s wife, crumpled into the backseat as Palma started for Roosevelt Hospital. She said nothing to the two cops and they said nothing to her. Homicide is not a talking matter.

Jim Moran, with John Lennon in the backseat, was on the radio as he drove to the hospital. “Have paramedics meet us at the emergency entrance,” he called. When he pulled up to the hospital, they were waiting for him with a cart. As Lennon was being wheeled through the doors into the emergency room, the doctors were on him.

“John Lennon,” somebody said.

“Yes, it is,” Moran said.

Now Tony Palma pulled up to the emergency entrance. He let the woman out and she ran to the doors. Somebody called to Palma, “That’s Yoko Ono.”

“Yeah?” Palma said.

“They just took John Lennon in,” the guy said.

Palma walked into the emergency room. Moran was there already. The doctors had John Lennon on a table in a trauma room, working on the chest, inserting tubes.

Tony Palma said to himself, I don’t think so. Moran shook his head. He thought about his two kids, who know every one of the Beatles’ big tunes. And Jim Moran and Tony Palma, older now, cops in a world with no fun, stood in the emergency room as John Lennon, whose music they knew, whose music was known everywhere on earth, became another person who died after being shot with a gun on the streets of New York.

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

Aftermath

Strawberry Fields Memorial in Central Park, NYC
John Lennon Too Soon Gone

MDC

Mark David Chapman pleaded guilty and remains in prison. In 2000 he became eligible for parole. It was denied and he has continued to request parole every two years (again as permitted) since then. All have been denied.

In 2014 he said, “At that time, I wasn’t thinking about anybody else, just me….But now, you know, obviously through people’s letters and through things I hear a lot of people were affected here. I am sorry for causing that type of pain. I am sorry for being such an idiot and choosing the wrong way for glory.” (USA Today article)

On August 29, 2016, a three-person state parole board panel rejected Chapman’s ninth parole attempt. In part, the panel stated, ““In spite of many favorable factors, we find all to be outweighed by the premeditated and celebrity seeking nature of the crime.”

Also that, “From our interview and review of your records, we find that your release would be incompatible with the welfare of society and would so deprecate that seriousness of the crime as to undermine respect for the law.”

His next parole hearing was August 2018. The Board denied parole again in August 2018 and again in 2020.

 

John Lennon Too Soon Gone

One Book Called Ulysses

One Book Called Ulysses

The United States v One Book Called Ulysses
… and the vague fellows in the cloaks asleep in the shade on the steps and the big wheels of the carts of the bulls and the old castle thousands of years old yes and those handsome Moors all in white and turbans like kings asking you to sit down in their little bit of a shop and Ronda with the old windows of the posadas glancing eyes a lattice hid for her lover to kiss the iron and the wineshops half open at night and the castanets and the night we missed the boat at Algeciras the watchman going about serene with his lamp and O that awful deepdown torrent O and the sea the sea crimson sometimes like fire and the glorious sunsets and the figtrees in the Alameda gardens yes and all the queer little streets and pink and blue and yellow houses and the rosegardens and the jessamine and geraniums and cactuses and Gibraltar as a girl where I was a Flower of the mountain yes when I put the rose in my hair like the Andalusian girls used or shall I wear a red yes and how he kissed me under the Moorish wall and I thought well as well him as another and then I asked him with my eyes to ask again yes and then he asked me would I yes to say yes my mountain flower and first I put my arms around him yes and drew him down Jo me so he could feel my breasts all perfume yes and his heart was going like mad and yes I said yes I will Yes.
December 6, 1933

When Country Joe McDonald had 400,000 yell out his Fish Cheer on August 16, 1969 at the Woodstock Music and Art Fair, he had James Joyce and one book called Ulysses to thank.

One Book Called Ulysses
One Book Called Ulysses

 

One Book Called Ulysses

Little Review serialization

Ulysses was serialized in the American journal The Little Review from 1918 to 1920. The publication of the Nausicaä episode led to a prosecution for obscenity. 

The New York Society for the Suppression of Vice objected to the book’s content and took action to attempt to keep the book out of the United States. At a New York trial in February 1921 the court declared the story obscene and, as a result, Ulysses was effectively banned in the United States.

In 1922, the American-born bookseller and publisher Sylvia Beach living in Paris released the whole novel in France.

Throughout the 1920s, the United States Post Office burned copies of the novel.

One Book Called Ulysses

Random House

In 1933, Random House publishers openly arranged to import the French edition and have a copy seized by customs. It then contested the seizure in United States v. One Book Called Ulysses.

The seizure of the work was contested in the United States District Court in New York City

One Book Called Ulysses

Judge John M. Woolsey

On December 6, 1933, Judge John M. Woolsey ruled that Ulysses was not pornographic—that nowhere in it was the “leer of the sensualist.”  Woolsey stated that the novel was serious and that its author was sincere and honest in showing how the minds of his characters operate and what they were thinking.

Woolsey wrote: If Joyce did not attempt to be honest in developing the technique which he has adopted in “Ulysses,” the result would be psychologically misleading and thus unfaithful to his chosen technique. Such an attitude would be artistically inexcusable.

He later wrote: “Ulysses” is an amazing tour de force ….It is brilliant and dull, intelligible and obscure…,I have not found anything that I consider to be dirt for dirt’s sake. Each word of the book contributes like a bit of mosaic to the detail of the picture which Joyce is seeking to construct for his readers.”     (click for full Woolsey text >>> Complete text)

On August 7, 1934, the Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the decision.

One Book Called Ulysses
from Molly Bloom’s soliloqy
One Book Called Ulysses

 

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet
SAMSUNG DIGIMAX A503

Altamont Free Concert

December 6, 1969
1969 festival #50

Banquet

It is an extraordinary Rolling Stones bookend: December 6, 1968 and December 6, 1969. The Stones released Beggars Banquet on the former date. The album was a return to a more rock sound than the previous Satanic Majesty’s Request of 1967.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

The more popular the band, the more it seemed to attract media criticism and the band rewarded the critique with more to criticize. The first cover, the cover that the record companies immediately dismissed, was a dirty bathroom wall full of  graffiti. It was always a Rolling Stones banquet of needling their detractors.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet
rejected cover for Beggars Banquet

 

A year later was Altamont.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Rolling Stones Tour

After nearly two years off the road, the Rolling Stones first show for their 1969 American tour was on November 7 in Fort Collins, CO at the Moby Gymnasium.  It was the first of 16 stops in 22 days and the first of 23 shows as some dates had two shows. One of those shows included the Ed Sullivan Show on November 23.

The last date was in Boston Garden.  Along the way, they added the Palm Beach Pop Festival.

…and then came the idea for a free concert. Not a new one for them as in July they’d given a free show in London’s Hyde Park. The concert was a success, an entirely peaceful event financed and filmed by Granada Television.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Discordant Echos of Woodstock

Free Concert

1969. The year of so many festivals crowned with the Woodstock Music and Art Fair. And exactly one year after the Stone’s Beggars Banquet release, it was time for Woodstock’s odd uncle: the Altamont Free Concert, at the Altamont Speedway in Livermore,  CA.

There had been criticism of ticket prices for the Stones’ concerts and the idea of giving  free concert, a la the many that had happened for years by San Francisco bands, had an appeal.

At that time, Sam Cutler managed the Stones. When the idea of a free concert began, Cutler visited the Dead in bucolic Novato, the rural spot the Dead spent much or their time.  Cutler states that the idea emanated from Grateful Dead manager Rock Scully. Like old times at the Golden Gate State Park’s free concerts, the Stones would join the Dead and the Airplane there.

But…

Golden Gate was unavailable (a Chicago Bears–San Francisco 49ers football game at Kezar Stadium, located in Golden Gate Park, made that venue impractical). The venue was then changed to the Sears Point Raceway. And when that site fell through, Altamont Speedway was chosen.

Dead Influence

Owsley Stanley ran the sound console. Betty Cantor and Bob Matthews, also part of the Dead family, recorded the event using an Ampex MM1000‘s 16-track 2-inch tape recorder that they’d used to make the groundbreaking album, Live/Dead.

Also involved were the Diggers, a San Francisco-based collective who, in their wordscombined street theater, anarcho-direct action, and art happenings in their social agenda of creating a Free City. Their most famous activities revolved around distributing Free Food every day in the Park, and distributing “surplus energy” at a series of Free Stores (where everything was free for the taking.) 

Hells Angels

The Hell’s Angels were also involved. Who invited them, what their purported role was, and how were they compensated are still questions that have several proposed answers.

Two days

Construction began on December 4, just two days before the event and we all know how prepared Bethel, NY was with only two weeks to prepare there. For example, lights were scheduled to be attached to towers but the lights never arrived. There was no real divide between the stage and the audience. That space was controlled by the Angels.

A 2019 New Yorker article reported that rock critic Greil Marcus, who was then in his mid-twenties, got there early in the morning. “I went right to the front and sat down with the person I’d come with,” he told writer . “It felt perfectly safe, except for acid casualties, and then the Angels, but people were unfriendly, territorial, selfish—just a weird reversal of Woodstock, where I’d been just a few months before. 

He added, “Four or five plainclothes Alameda County sheriffs stood around backstage, their weapons in their holsters. After intervening in one of the early fights between the Hells Angels and fans, they took note of how thoroughly outnumbered they were, and thereafter ceded the field to the Angels.”

Also [from Wikipedia]: At one point Jefferson Airplane…Marty Balin is knocked out by a Hells Angel; Paul Kantner in response: “Hey, man, I’d like to mention that the Hells Angels just smashed Marty Balin in the face, and knocked him out for a bit. I’d like to thank you for that.” To which a Hells Angel sitting on stage grabs a microphone, and replies: “You’re talking to my people. Let me tell you what’s happening. You, man, you’re not happening!”

That violence, captured in the film Gimmie Shelter by by Albert and David Maysles and Charlotte Zwerin , shows how attempts to control the crowd failed. What happened? Wherever that answer lays  Hell’s Angel Alan Passaro stabbed spectator Meredith Hunter, Jr to death in a melee.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Aftermath

The Dead began to sense that the concert’s challenges and disorganization would be too much to handle, too much of a hassle. Bill Kreutzmann said he’d rather not and soon after the  band decided to drop off  the bill.

There was a huge media backlash and finger pointing following the concert. Even today, the most common description heard about Altamont was that it was the death of the 60s. The demise of peace and love. The death of the barely-born Woodstock Nation.

Jerry Garcia compared Altamont and Woodstock as “two sides of the same coin.” Both had the potential to be amazing. Both had the potential to go wrong.

On December 10, respected music critic and Dead supporter Ralph J Gleason wrote in the San Francisco Chronicle: “Why did  Grateful Dead people and other locals involved go wrong with the idea? Now it is ended in murder and that was a murder, not just a death like the drowning or the hit and run victims. Is the the new community? Is this what Woodstock promised? Gather together as a tribe, what happened? Brutality, murder, desperation. You name it. The name of the game is money power and ego. Money is first and it brings power.” 

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

New Speedway Boogie

Grateful Dead lyricist Robert Hunter typically wrote songs that were difficult to pin down, that were subject to various interpretations. Not uncommon with writers, but on December 20,  only two weeks after the the failed concert, the Dead premiered  New Speedway Boogie.  It was Hunter’s response to the response to Altamont. He hadn’t been there. He’d been at the movies seeing Easy Rider.

While the “speedway” referred to is the one at Altamont, there is also a Speedway Meadow at Golden Gate Park. Hunter often used imaginary place, think Fennario, in his songs, and so he was allowing that for this one as well.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

This Darkness Got to Give

Please don’t dominate the rap, Jack
If you’ve got nothing new to say
If you please, don’t back up the track
This train’s got to run today
I spent a little time on the mountain
Spent a little time on the hill
Heard some say, “better run away”
Others say, “better stand still”
Now I don’t know, but I been told
It’s hard to run with the weight of gold
Other hand I have heard it said
It’s just as hard with the weight of lead
Who can deny? Who can deny?
It’s not just a change in style
One step done and another begun
And I wonder how many miles?
I spent a little time on the mountain
Spent a little time on the hill
Things went down we don’t understand
But I think in time we will
Now I don’t know, but I was told
In the heat of the sun a man died of cold
Keep on coming or stand and wait
With the sun so dark and the hour so late
You can overlook the lack, Jack
Of any other highway to ride
It’s got no signs or dividing lines
And very few rules to guide
I spent a little time on the mountain
I spent a little time on the hill
I saw things getting out of hand
I guess they always will
Now I don’t know, but I been told
If the horse don’t pull you got to carry the load
I don’t know whose back’s that strong
Maybe find out before too long
One way or another, one way or another
One way or another, this darkness got to give
One way or another, one way or another
One way or another, this darkness got to give
One way or another, one way or another
One way or another, this darkness got to give

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Acquittal

The murder trial stemming from an incident ended 13 months later on January 19, 1971 when the jury declared Hell’s Angel Alan Passaro “not guilty” in the stabbing death of 18-year old Meredith Hunter. [NYT story]

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

#BLM

In 1977, Greil Marcus wrote, “A young black man murdered in the midst of a white crowd by white thugs as white men played their version of black music—it was too much to kiss off as a mere unpleasantness.

Rolling Stones Altamont Banquet

Next and last 1969 festival: Miami Rock Festival